Office for Civil Rights

New HIPAA Guidance on Ransomware: OCR’s encryption “gold standard” is no longer “golden”

WyattLLP Cyber Security and Cyber Crime, Data Privacy & Security, HIPAA , , , , , ,

By Margaret Young Levi and Kathie McDonald-McClure

softwareRansomware encrypts a user’s data and denies access to that data until a ransom is paid. The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services’ (HHS) Office for Civil Rights (OCR) has released new guidance to help health care entities better understand and respond to the ever-increasing threat of ransomware.  On July 11, 2016, HHS posted a blog entitled “Your Money or Your PHI: New Guidance on Ransomware.”  The HHS blog post includes a Fact Sheet for health care entities regarding ransomware.  This blog post highlights some of the more striking points in the OCR Fact Sheet and considerations for entities subject to HIPAA in addressing ransomware attacks.

Ransomware can cause harm beyond denying access to data.  The OCR Fact Sheet provides useful technical details about how ransomware malware works, and notes that data can be exfiltrated (i.e., transferred outside the computer network system).  Exfiltration can occur before or after the ransomware attack that encrypts the data.  It depends on the type of malware employed in the attack.  An April 2016 ransomware report from the Institute for Critical Infrastructure Technology (ICIT) provides even more technical details about the types of ransomware currently in use.  The ICIT report states that advanced persistent threats (APTs) and other hackers interested in collecting confidential data use ransomware as a form of distraction while stealthily using other malware to exfiltrate data.

The use of ransomware has skyrocketed.  According to OCR, the number of ransomware attacks has risen steeply in the last year, from an average of 1,000 per day in 2015 to an average of 4,000 attacks daily since January 1, 2016, including some very public attacks on hospitals.  Hospitals and other health care providers are especially vulnerable to Continue reading →

New HIPAA Auditing Process Begins – Are You Ready?

Erin Brisbay McMahon Data Privacy & Security, HIPAA, HITECH Law , , ,

audit checklistThe Department of Health and Human Services’s Office for Civil Rights (OCR) announced last week that it has launched Phase 2 of its HIPAA Audit Program. Under this Audit Program, OCR will review whether entities subject to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy, Security, and Data Breach Notification regulations are complying with those regulations.  OCR has already begun to send initial emails to “covered entities” and “business associates” (defined in the HIPAA regulations) regarding the audits that seek to verify contact information.

Tip:  These emails may be incorrectly classified as spam by corporate or email filters.  OCR expects covered entities and business associates to check spam and junk email folders for emails from OCR.

Warning:  Sophisticated cybercriminals could use the OCR audits as an opportunity to send fake OCR emails (“phishing emails”) in an attempt to trick employees into turning over individual health information or to click on links that download harmful malware into the organization’s computer network.  Do not click on links or supply any documentation until Continue reading →

A Single Stolen, Unencrypted Laptop Can Cost Entities Millions of Dollars

Margaret Young Levi Cyber Security and Cyber Crime, Data Privacy & Security, Privacy & Security , , , , , ,

laptop encryptionEarlier this week, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights (OCR) announced two, multimillion dollar settlements relating to “potential” privacy and security violations of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA).  Both settlements stem from the entity’s reports to OCR of the thefts of unencrypted laptops containing electronic protected health information (ePHI) even though one of the laptops was password protected.

First, on March 16, 2016, OCR announced that North Memorial Health Care of Minnesota agreed to pay $1,550,000 to settle potential violations of the HIPAA Privacy and Security Rules after a laptop containing the ePHI of 9,497 individuals was stolen from the vehicle of one of its contractors in July 2011.

OCR’s subsequent investigation determined that North Memorial failed to enter into a business associate agreement with this contractor, as required under the HIPAA Privacy and Security Rules.  The investigation also discovered that North Memorial failed to conduct an organization-wide risk analysis to address all of the risks and vulnerabilities to its ePHI.  OCR concluded Continue reading →

Federal Government Report Summarizes Health Care Privacy Compliance Efforts

Margaret Young Levi Electronic Health Records, Federal Law Resources, Health Information Technology, HITECH Law , , , , , , ,

government buildingThe U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) Office for Civil Rights (OCR) has issued two reports to Congress required by Section 13402(i) of the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health (HITECH) Act:

–“Annual Report to Congress on Breaches of Unsecured Protected Health Information For Calendar Years 2011 and 2012” (the Breach Report); and

–“Annual Report to Congress on HIPAA Privacy, Security, and Breach Notification Rule Compliance For Calendar Years 2011 and 2012” (the Compliance Report).

Both of OCR’s reports (as well as previous annual reports) may be accessed here. This post discusses the Compliance Report. We summarized the Breach Report in a separate post entitled “Federal Government Report on Data Breaches in Health Care.”

OCR is the office responsible for administering and enforcing the HIPAA Privacy, Security, and Breach Notification Rules. The Compliance Report summarizes OCR’s compliance and enforcement activity with respect to the HIPAA Privacy, Security, and Breach Notification Rules.

Continue reading →